The Jino people are a “direct-passing nation” living in the deep mountains of the border and one of the eight ethnic groups in Yunnan with a small population. When the founding of New China in 1949, there were only a few thousand people, and they were still hunting in the dense primeval forests of the southern border of Yunnan. They were slashing and burning. The clan tribes were managed by elders, wearing bark clothes and living in thatched huts. Food and property were distributed equally. There was no text, and they relied on carvings to record things.
Through the investigation and identification of ethnic scholars, on June 6, 1979, the State Council officially identified the Keno people as the 56th ethnic group in China. From then on, the history of the Keno tribe opened a new chapter. After 40 years of hard work, they have now achieved poverty alleviation for the entire tribe and are striving toward a new journey of achieving comprehensive well-off and modernization.
Green economy helps get rid of poverty
At the morning of June 1, departing from the urban area of Jinghong City, the capital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the reporter and Zheng Xiaoyun, a famous scholar in Jinuo people, took a car to Jinuo Mountain and walked into Yanuo Village.
Yano Villagers Group is located in the southeast of Jinuoshan Township, 15 kilometers away from the township government, and the entire village is above 1,200 meters above sea level. Its Longpa Ancient Tea Mountain is the oldest ancient tea mountain with a good preservation and largest continuous area so far. Among them, 2,500 acres of ancient tea trees with a tree age of about 100 to 800 years. Longpa Tea Mountain is 1,700 meters above sea level, and is surrounded by clouds and mist and rain all year round, which provides unique conditions for the natural growth of tea.
Zheng Xiaoyun, who has been conducting investigations and research in Yanuo Village for a long time, was familiar with the road and said hello and walked into his designated contact home. This is a small western-style building built more than 10 years ago. Two cars from the Chewei Home are parked downstairs. Qiwei is 36 years old this year and has a dark face. In 2006, she graduated from Yunnan Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College and returned to her hometown to start a business, engaged in the processing and sales of Pu’er tea. Today, the living conditions at her family have been completely modernized and she has lived the same life as in the city.
Walking through the village, small cars and small foreign buildings two or three stories high can be seen everywhere, and every family here is doing tea business. According to the theory of Chewei, Jinuo Mountain was called Youle Mountain in ancient times, and it was the first of the six ancient Pu’er tea mountains in Yunnan. The ancient tea garden in Yanuozhai is a valuable heritage left by the ancestors of the Jinuo people. Therefore, the economic income of the villagers in Yanuozhai mainly relies on picking, processing and selling Pu’er tea.
”This year, it has not rained a month after Qingming Festival, and tea production has been severely reduced.” said while picking the newly-launched buds of ancient tea trees. Her family has about 40 acres of tea land, with 2,000 tea trees of all sizes. Last year, Chewei Family made 3 Pu’er tea made by selling ancient tea trees.More than 00,000 yuan, due to the production cut this year, the income from selling tea is expected to be small. Fortunately, there are also old Pu’er tea stored in previous years, and life will not have much impact.
”Look, this is you when you were a baby.” Zheng Xiaoyun took out his cell phone and showed everyone the black and white photos of Yanozhai and Chewei’s childhood that he took more than 30 years ago.
In October 1983, in order to study the socialist modernization of ethnic minorities, Zheng Xiaoyun, who had just graduated from Yunnan University, carried his luggage and came to Jino Mountain. In the following five or six years, he traveled to more than 40 villages in the Keno Mountains. At that time, most villages did not have roads, and some remote villages took two or three days to get there. At that time, tea could not be sold for money. Most villages had wooden thatched roofs, and there was no electricity, so they had to travel with their feet.
Busy during the dayCinema 1950 witch cloth drawAfter the investigation, Zheng Xiaoyun sat on the balcony of the wooden building of Chewei’s grandfather and the old village chief Bruzhou family. Looking at the sky full of stars, Zheng Xiaoyun was full of doubts: “What is the modernization of the Jino people? Cinema 1950 witch cloth Draw? In the next 20 or 30 years, will Jino Mountain District be able to access highways and have electric lights, and can ordinary people live in the same brick and tile house as the city? Can you watch TV? Can you live the same life as the city? “
For many years, under the guidance of Yunnan Province’s vigorous development of the tea industry and the policy of helping mountain nations get rid of poverty and become rich through the Pu’er Tea Gang, Yanozhai seized the opportunity, leveraged its tea tree resource advantages, built a bridge of cooperation with foreign merchants through various channels, introduced many foreign tea merchants, and was officially listed as Komiks 1960 witch clothes draw set up two “Yano Ancient Tea Tree Cooperatives”, and the Yunnan “Douji” Pu’er Tea Company, which is well-known in the Pu’er tea industry, also established a primary production center in Yanozhai. By the end of 2018, there were 130 households and 410 people in the village, achieving a total economic income of 5.9987 million yuan and a per capita net income of 11,853 yuan, and embarking on a path of “one village, one product” development and steady increase in income in the rural economy.
Li Li, the head of the Jino Township Babaylan 1990 cloth drawBai Zhong told reporters that as the only Jino Township in the country, it has been conscientiously implemented in recent yearsNational and provincial poverty alleviation Babaylan 1990 cloth draw development strategic deployment, firmly grasp the opportunities of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government to implement the “two mountains” poverty alleviation in Xishuangbanna Prefecture, give full play to its excellent ecological advantages, adapt to local conditions, implement precise policies, vigorously develop green industries such as Pu’er tea, rubber, and Amomum villori, comprehensively improve the production and living conditions of the Jino people, and achieve remarkable results in targeted poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation.
Today, there are 46 natural villages in 7 village committees in Jinoshan Township, with 3,868 households and 14,300 people; the total economic income of the township is 255.2294 million yuan, 263.76 times that of 1978; the per capita net income of farmers is 11,757 yuan, an increase of 37.38% from 8,558 yuan in 2013, 110 times that of 1978.
Behind the huge change
Bapozhai is a group of Jino villagers of the Baya Village Committee of Jino Township, Jino Mountain, 3 kilometers away from the township government location.
In 1997, the per capita income of Bapo Village was only 620 yuan, and only a few households lived in tiled houses. Nowadays, every family in Bapo Village lives in small buildings with dry-railed buildings, and private cars are already very common.
Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw The tourism industry is developing in full swing here. In May 2005, the village created a traditional singing and dancing performance with the theme of “Youle·Youle”, improved the infrastructure within the scenic area, and built a four-point and one-line tourism line that synchronized with “Scenic Area-Copyright – Museum-Ethnic Style Park”, attracting many domestic and foreign tourists. Rural tourism has solved the employment of 75 people in Bapo Village and more than 180 people in the township. 26 farmers set up stalls in the scenic area, mainly selling Jino ethnic cultural products such as handicrafts and ethnic clothing, achieving an average annual income of more than 20,000 yuan. The development and growth of tourism industry has also stimulated the enthusiasm of Bapo people to contract scenic spot engineering projects, organize their own tea workshops, and operate accommodation and catering, further broadening the path for villagers to get rid of poverty and become rich. In 2018, Bapozhai achieved a per capita net income of 13,300 yuan, which is higher than the per capita income level of the whole township.
It is no accident that such a small ethnic group with a population that has passed directly, such a huge change has occurred.
1999Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw In November 2018, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office visited Jinuoshan Township. Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw listed Jinuoshan Township as a demonstration town for poverty alleviation comprehensive development. In April 2000, the Yunnan Provincial Government held an on-site office meeting in Jinghong to determine overall support for Jinuoshan and include it in the local “two mountains” poverty alleviation comprehensive development project. At the same time, Jinuoshan was listed by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission as a pilot pilot for poverty alleviation of 22 ethnic minorities in the country. An unprecedented poverty alleviation battle started in Jinuoshan Township. In 2005, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and other five href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema 1950 witch cloth drawMinistry and commissions have formulated and issued the “Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw Development Plan (2005-2010)” and once again included the Jino people in the support plan. In 2013, Yunnan Province focused on implementing the “3121” project and regarded Jinoshan Township as a demonstration point to help towns. Finally, the production and living conditions of the Jino people have been greatly improvedBabaylan 1990 clothes Draw, the appearance of the mountain village has undergone major changes, and the economy and society have achieved a historic leap. Professor Zheng Xiaoyun insisted on tracking, investigation and research in Jinoshan for 37 years. In his opinion, the Jino people and the Jinoshan District have made remarkable developments in the past 40 years. To sum up, the most important thing is the care of the Party and the country, and the support and help of all sectors of society. Whether in infrastructure construction or the development of medical care, education, culture, society, economic development, etc., the brilliant achievements of Jinoshan are all embodied with strong support from party committees and governments at all levels and external society. Without these support, there is no today’s Cinema 1950 witch The development achievements of the Tinkino Mountains Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw.
When the reporter asked why the Keno college students, writers, leading cadres at all levels, National People’s Congress deputies, and members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference have emerged one after another in recent years, Professor Zheng Xiaoyun replied without hesitation: “It is the development of education that has changed the Keno people’s generations. The Keno people love educationKomiks 1960 witch clothes The education career of draw is well-known for students’ diligence and studious. In 1985, when I conducted a survey at Jinghong No. 2 Middle School, I found that among the several junior high schools at that time, the grades of the Jino students were among the best. From the opening of the first school in 1965 to the popularization of primary and junior high school education in the 1980s, not only did primary and junior high school education be popularized, but also college students of their own nation, by 1991, there were 36 graduates of the Jino University, which was a historic progress. A group of outstanding talents have grown up in the Jino people, and their driving has played an important role in the development of this nation. “
Over the years, the Jino people’s township has comprehensively created an educational atmosphere of “education-based and education-first”. For example, the “Examination and Award Award Method” was introduced to encourage Keno students to study hard and never let a student fall behind. From 2014 to 2017, a total of 246,400 yuan in academic advancement scholarships were issued, benefiting 204 people. In 2018 alone, the whole township invested 2.1008 million yuan in education subsidies. In terms of basic education investment, the ring-shaped plastic track and field field of Jinuo Township Central Primary School is being built, with a total investment of more than 3 million yuan.
In the view of experts and scholars who have long studied the development of the Kino people, the promotion of science and technology is also an important reason for the great changes in Kino Mountain. In recent decades, the economy in Jinoshan District has been developing rapidly, whether it is Amomum villoss, rubber planting, or the improvement and transformation of tea processing. One of the important factors is the promotion and application of scientific and technological achievements and the skill training of the masses.
In addition, after the Jino people were recognized as a nation, from the central to the local, from Yunnan Province to Xishuangbanna Prefecture, the government departments at all levels also attached great importance to the inheritance and protection of the Jino people’s culture, recognized the traditional festival of the Jino people, and invested nearly 10 million yuan to build the China Jino people’s Museum, making it an important platform for inheriting national culture. The ethnic singing and dancing, clothing culture, food culture, etc. of the Jino people have also been inherited. A number of intangible cultural inheritors and intangible cultural projects have been identified, and a number of intangible cultural inheritors and intangible cultural projects have been established in the government.Protect inheritance and protection. There are also a group of experts and scholars who have been engaged in research on the Keno people for a long time.
Taking Bapozhai as an example, it was listed as a demonstration village for ethnic minorities in 2009. Yunnan Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission, the prefecture and the Municipal Ethnic Affairs Bureau invested 1 million yuan to build cultural rooms, basketball courts, garbage pools, and road hardening in the village. In 2012, the Yunnan Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission invested another 700,000 yuan to build and enhance the village of Jino ethnic group. In 2015, the Bapo Village of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage was officially established, and a national intangible cultural heritage inheritor, named Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw.
In 2017, Bapozhai was approved as the “Most Beautiful Rural and Rural New Business Model Demonstration Construction Project”, with an investment of about 4 million yuan to be used for the construction of village gates, village greening and beautification, public toilets, cultural corridors, commercial pavilions, tourism signage systems and other projects.
Reflections on the entire Jino people’s poverty alleviation
Since the founding of New China, especially since it was recognized as the 56th ethnic group in 1979, the historic leap and amazing progress shown by the Jino Mountains and the Jino people have far-reaching significance and influence, and have given the world a lot of inspiration and thinking.
It once again proves with iron facts that only the Communist Party of China and the socialist system can create such miracles. The successful practice of the regional ethnic autonomy system in the Jino Township fully proves the correctness of the Party’s ethnic policies, the superiority of the socialist system and the importance of national unity. Professor Yin Shaoting from Yunnan University, a famous scholar who has long studied the Jino people, said: “The 40-year great changes in the Jino people have proved the correctness and wisdom of the Communist Party of China’s national theory and national policies; the great changes are a vivid manifestation of the superiority of socialism with Chinese characteristics; the great changes are a symbol of the overall progress of the material and spiritual civilization of the Chinese nation; the great changes also prove that Chinese civilization is a profound and profound civilization full of diversity, inclusiveness and enterprising nature.” On the afternoon of June 2, in order to explore how to walk the path after poverty alleviation in the future, Jino Township Babaylan 1990 cloth drawThe Party Committee and Township Government, together with the Xishuangbanna Prefecture Federation of Social Sciences, invited well-known experts and scholars from inside and outside the province to hold a seminar on “The 40th Anniversary of the Confirmation of the Jino Nationality and the Poverty All-Partnership Elimination”.
Professor Zheng Xiaoyun said: “Although the development of the Jino people has achieved brilliant achievements, the development in the past 40 years has not been smooth, even fluctuating. I think it is necessary to further promote the green economy development of the Jino Mountains, take the green economy as the main axis to comprehensively improve the development quality of Jino Mountains. “
”In the future, only by continuous reform, innovation and development can Jino Mountains go to greater glory.” Professor Yin Shaoting, who once advocated the establishment of the Yunnan Ethnic Museum, the Museum of Anthropology of Yunnan University and the Yunnan Ethnic Cultural Ecological Village, analyzed the current situation of Bapozhai cultural tourism. He pointed out sharply: “Bapo Tourism Village still needs to be open-minded and transformed in ideas, ecological environment restoration and construction, and in-depth cultural exploration and display. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawFriendly building characteristics highlighted, making great efforts to promote major changes. “
You Qidao, chairman of the Xishuangbanna State Social Science Federation, said that the Keno national culture is in the danger of being lostCinema 1950 witch cloth draw. There is still a long way to go to continue to protect and promote the traditional culture of the Jino people, make national culture a bridge for communication between the Jino people and the world, and develop the cultural industry and tourism industry.
On June 6, Wang Chao, a young Party Secretary of the Jinuo Township, expressed the voice of the Jinuoshan people through WeChat Moments: “For the past forty years, the Jinuo people have their own NPC deputies and CPPCC members; from the difficulty of travel, difficulty in seeing a doctor, difficulty in going to school, to the smooth travel and guaranteed medical treatment, a group of college students emerged from the villages; tea and amomum have become commodities for villagers to get rich; the Jinuo people living in green waters and green mountains tell stories of change, development, and leapfrog stories. The Jinuo people are moving towards a better tomorrow!”